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WACYIGELIN: KA HORTAGGA IYO MAAREYNTA GOWRACATADA (DIPHTHERIA)




Gowracatada (Diphtheria) waa cudur faafa oo halis ah oo ay keento bakteeriyada Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Bakteeriyadu waxay soo saari kartaa sun (toxin) dhaawac u geysan karta wadnaha iyo neerfayaasha.

Cudurku wuxuu ku dhici karaa carruur iyo dad waaweyn, gaar ahaan dadka aan tallaalka qaadan ama aan si buuxda u dhammaystirin tallaalkooda.

CALAAMADAHA IYO ASTAAMAHA GOWRACATADA.

Calaamaduhu badanaa waxay soo baxaan 2–5 maalmood kadib marka qofku la kulmo bakteeriyada.

Calaamadaha waxaa ka mid noqon kara:


● Qandho, badanaa heer fudud ama dhexdhexaad ah.

● Cunaha oo xanuuna, gaar ahaan marka la liqayo.

● Daciifnimo iyo daal.

● Qanjirrada qoorta oo barara, mararka qaarkoodna qoorta oo si weyn u bararta.

● Xuub caddaan ama cawl ah oo qaro weyn oo ka samaysma sanka, qumanka ama cunaha.

● Liqidda ama neefsashada oo ku adkaata, gaar ahaan marka xuubku ballaarto ama uu xannibo marinnada hawada.

Xaaladaha daran, sunta Gowracatada waxay dhaawici kartaa wadnaha (myocarditis) iyo neerfayaasha (neuropathy), waxayna keeni kartaa dhibaatooyin kale oo halis ah.


MUHIIM: Xuubka cawl/caddaan ah ee cunaha ku samaysma waa inuu qiimeeyaa shaqaale caafimaad. Ha isku dayin inaad gacanta ama qalab ku xoqdo ama ku saarto xuubka, sababtoo ah wuxuu si adag ugu dheggan yahay unugyada hoose, saaristiisuna waxay keeni kartaa dhiig-bax.

SIDE AYUU GOWRACATADU KU FAAFAA?

Gowracatada waxay ku faafi kartaa:

● Dhibcaha neef-mareenka ee ka yimaada qufaca ama hindhisada.
● Xiriir dhow oo lala yeesho qof qaba cudurka.
● Taabashada dheecaannada ama dhaawacyada maqaarka ee qof qaba diphtheria.

Dadka aan tallaalka qaadan ama aan si buuxda u dhammaystirin tallaalkooda ayaa khatar dheeraad ah ugu jira cudurka. Ciriiriga iyo xaaladaha nadaafadeed ee liita waxay sidoo kale kordhin karaan halista faafitaanka.

MAXAA LA SAMEEYAA HADDII GOWRACATADA LAGA SHAKIYO?

Haddii qof uu yeesho:

●Cunaha oo xanuuna,
●Qandho,
● Qanjirrada qoorta oo barara,
● Xuub cawl/caddaan ah oo ku samaysma cunaha ama qumanka,
●Liqidda oo ku adkaata, ama
●Neefsashada oo ku adkaata,

si degdeg ah ugu gee xarun caafimaad oo awood u leh qiimeynta iyo daaweynta xaaladaha diphtheria.

( waxaa geen karaa De-martini Hospital)

Gaar ahaan haddii qofku neefsashada ku dhibtoonayo, tani waa xaalad degdeg ah.

Daaweynta.

Haddii Gowracatada si caafimaad ahaan looga shakiyo, daaweynta waa in si degdeg ah loo bilaabaa, iyadoo aan la sugin natiijada xaqiijinta shaybaarka.

Daaweynta waxaa ka mid noqon karta:

Diphtheria Antitoxin (DAT) si loo baraxtiro ama mesha looga saaro sunta bakteeriyada.

Antibiotics si loo ciribtiro bakteeriyada loona yareeyo faafitaanka.

Go'doomin iyo tallaabooyin infection prevention and control (IPC).

La socod dhow iyo daaweynta dhibaatooyinka sida xannibaadda marinnada hawada, myocarditis iyo dhibaatooyinka neerfaha.

Ha sugin natiijada shaybaarka haddii Gowracatada si xooggan looga shakiyo.

SIDE LOOGA HORTAGAA GOWRACATADA?

1. TALLAALKA

Tallaalku waa habka ugu muhiimsan ee looga hortago Gowracatada.

WHO waxay ku talinaysaa taxane tallaal oo ka kooban 3 dose oo aasaasi ah (primary series) oo ah tallaal ay ku jirto difaaca Gowracatada, kadibna booster doses si loo sii xoojiyo difaaca muddo dheer. Dose-ka koowaad waxaa la bilaabi karaa marka ilmuhu gaaro 6 toddobaad, iyadoo ugu yaraan 4 toddobaad u dhexeeyaan doses-ka taxanaha aasaasiga ah.

Soomaaliya, tallaalka Gowracatada carruurta waxaa lagu bixiyaa tallaallo isku-dhafan oo ay ka mid tahay Pentavalent (DPT-HepB-Hib), iyadoo jadwalka qaranka lagu salaynayo da'da ilmaha iyo siyaasadda tallaalka dalka.

2. DHAMMAYSTIR TALLAALKA ILMAHA

Waalidiintu waa inay hubiyaan in carruurtoodu helaan dhammaan doses-ka tallaalka ee loogu talagalay da'dooda, ayna raacaan jadwalka tallaalka qaranka.

3. NADAafadda gacmaha

Gacmaha si joogto ah ugu dhaq saabuun iyo biyo, gaar ahaan kadib qufac, hindhiso, taabashada dheecaannada jirka iyo marka aad daryeesho qof xanuunsan.

4. KA FOGOOW XIRIIRKA DHOW EE QOFKA LAGA SHAKIYO

Qofka laga shakiyo ama laga xaqiijiyo Gowracatada waa in la raaco tilmaamaha shaqaalaha caafimaadka ee ku saabsan go'doominta iyo ka hortagga faafitaanka. Xarumaha caafimaadku waa inay isticmaalaan precautions ku habboon, oo ay ku jiraan droplet iyo contact precautions marka loo baahdo.

5. XIRIIRADA DHOW (CLOSE CONTACTS)

Dadka si dhow ula xiriiray qof qaba Gowracatada waa in si caafimaad ahaan loo qiimeeyo. Waxaa laga yaabaa inay u baahdaan antibiyootik ka-hortag ah, baaritaan ku habboon iyo hubinta xaaladdooda tallaal. Dadka aan si buuxda u tallaalnayn waa in la siiyo tallaalka ay u baahan yihiin si loo dhammaystiro difaacooda.

FARIIN MUHIIM AH:

Gowracatada waa cudur halis ah, laakiin waa cudur laga hortagi karo.

Haddii adiga ama ilmahaagu yeesho:

Qandho + cunaha oo xanuuna + qanjirrada qoorta oo barara + xuub cawl/caddaan ah oo cunaha ku samaysma,

ha sugin — si degdeg ah u raadi daryeel caafimaad.

Ha xoqin ama ha ka saarin xuubka cunaha.


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